Appliance for formation of coatings on lateral surfaces of metal parts



[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Nikolai Ivanovich Solomin ul. Avtomekhanicheskaya, 10, kv.48, Gorky, U.S.S.R.;

United States Patent [72] inventors Alexandr Konstantinovich Basharin, pos. Dpskino, 4-tupik, 13, Gorky, U.S.S.R.; Vasily Fedorovich Sadulin, ul. Vatutina, 8, kv.8, Gorky, U.S.S.R.; Boris Maximilianovich Zakharov, ul. Naberezhnaya, 27, kv.1, Gorky, U.S.S.R.

[21] Appl. No. 696,563 [22] Filed Jan. 9, 1968 Primary Exammer- Dan el Blum [45] Patented Sept 1, 1970 A!t0rneyWaters, Rodrti, Schwartz and Nlssen [54] APPLIANCE FOR FORMATION OF COATINGS 0N 0F METAL PARTS ABSTRACT: internal combustion engine pistons to be coated alms 'awmg are fed successively from a guide where they are supported in [52] U.S. 118/73, side-by-side relation in o a trough here they are fed endwise 118/206, 118/233, 1 18/320 so as to form an alignment of the pistons in end-to-end relation [51] Int. B05b 13/02, on the surfaces of two rotating adjacent rolls. The rolls are B05c l/02 partially immersed in a treatment fluid in a tank for applica- [50] Field ofSearch............................................ 118/206, tion of h fl id Ont h Pi nS as they travel along the rolls.

218, 233, 320; 134/82, 141; 193/3; 198/46, 50; Nozzles are positioned above the rolls for supplying the treat- 118/73 ment fluid onto the pistons, for entry into the grooves thereof.

Patented Sept. 1, 5|:-

APPLIANCE FOR FORMATION OF COATINGS ON LATERAL SURFACES OF METAL PARTS The present invention relates to the machine-building industry, and more particularly to appliances for the formation of coatings on lateral surfaces of metal parts.

Known in the prior art is an appliance for the formation of coatings on metal parts, provided with a number of tanks for liquid reagents, a conveyer with suspension members for retaining the parts, mechanisms for mounting pistons on the suspension members and dismantling them therefrom, means for moving and subsequent immersing these parts (pistons) into tanks with reagents for carrying into effect the coating process.

However, when employing this applicance with immersing of the part into a solution, coatings are formed not only on the external lateral surface of the part, but also on its internal and face surfaces. This involves an excessive consumption of reagents, for example, of those containing tin, while the coating thus obtained is found to be non-uniform as to its thickness. Moreover, the shape of thin-walled parts was liable to variations resulting from immersing them in a suspended state into hot solutions. To form coatings on lateral surfaces of a great number of pistons of motors requires a large floor space in order to accommodate all these appliances. The mechanism for mounting pistons on suspension members is also very difficult to operate.

The appliance is of a considerable size, especially as to its height. Requirements to be met by the suspension members as concerns their precision of manufacture are also increased. Repairing of the suspension members is a complicated operation, requiring cleaning of the suspension hooks from tin accumulation thereon. 1

The existing appliances are difficult to be incorporated into production lines of machining. Tanks for hot reagents to be employed in these appliances, possess a large evaporatingsurface, which is conducive to polluting the air in the working premises.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the abovesaid disadvantages. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become more fully apparent from a consideration of the following description thereof.

It is the principal object of the invention to provide an appliance for the formation of coatings on lateral surfaces of metal parts, which appliance is capable of ensuring their onesided coating, uniform distributing ofa reagent throughout the entire surface to be coated, preserving the initial dimensions of the parts, reducing the overall size of the appliance, and facilitating its incorporation into the production line of machining, as well as eliminating the pollution ofthe air in the working premises. This object is achieved by the provision of an appliance for the formation of coatings on lateral surfaces of metal parts having the shape of solids of revolution by applying onto said surfaces liquid reagents, in which, in conformity with the invention, there are provided at least two rotating parallel rolls partially immersed into the tank for the liquid reagents and intended for the application of said reagents onto parts retained by said rolls.

It is preferable to provide the appliance with a drive, for example, a pneumatic cylinder with a rod for moving the parts in end-to-end relation along said rolls.

It is considered preferable to provide a charging device of the appliance as a guide, for example, obliquely mounted angles, transferring the parts in succession onto a sheet disposed as a continuation of said guide, said sheet running over the rotating rolls and forming between them at least one trough for successively receiving the parts; said sheet is also disposed along the rod axle.

Over the rolls of the appliance there may be provided nozzles for supplying the reagent into recesses provided on the lateral sides of the parts being coated.

The details of the present invention will become more fully apparent from a consideration of an exemplary embodiment of the appliance for making coatings on lateral surfaces of metal parts, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing showing-a perspective view of the appliance.

The appliance is provided with three sectional rolls 1 that are partially immersed into a tank 2. Secured to the tank body in the longitudinal direction in relation to the rolls 1 is a pneumatic cylinder 3 with two rods 4. Mounted in transverse direction in relation to the rolls 1 is a charging arrangement in the form of a guide 5 with a sheet 6 disposed in the direction of the guide. The sheet 6 runs over said rolls 1 in such a manner that it forms two troughs 6' therebetween. These troughs are intended for receiving parts 7 such as pistons from the guide 5.

To feed the pistons into another trough there are provided secondary guides (not shown in the drawing) which are disposed above the former.

From the guide 5, parts 7 are alternately supplied onto sheet 6 into a trough 6 between adjacent rolls 1, and each part 7 is pushed by a rod 4 of the pneumatic cylinder 3 from the sheet 6 onto the surface of the rolls, whereby the parts are rotated by the rolls 1. The following part to be treated, is fed from the charging arrangement onto the sheet 6, and is also pushed by the rod 4 from the sheet 6, thereby thrusting against the head of the preceding part; both parts are simultaneously pushed by the rod 4 along the channel formed by the rolls 1.

When the appliance is provided with three rolls 1, as shown, it is expedient to have two guides 5; in such a case, the parts 7 to be treated are arranged in two lines on both sides of the median roll 1.

The appliance is provided with a drive for rotating rolls 1, said drive comprising an electric motor 8 and a reducing gear 9. The electric motor 8 drives a worm shaft 19 of the reducing gear 9, and the shaft 19 drives gears 20 fitted on the axles 10 of rolls 1.

Provided on one of the axles 10 of the rolls 1 is a time relay for controlling the rate of emergence of the pistons, said time relay being made as a reducing gear 11. Mounted on the axle of the reducing gear 11 is a cam 12 actuating a slide valve 13 supplying compressed air into the pneumatic cylinder 3.

Mounted on the tank body are stop pieces 14 (only one of which is shown in the drawing) for preventing the possible pressing out of the parts 7 in the process of their travel along the rolls.

Nozzles 15 are disposed above the rolls I of the appliance, said nozzles being intended for supplying the reagent from a pipe line 16 into places where annular recesses 17 of the parts 7 are located.

The tank 2 is subdivided by four partitions 18 into five compartments in order that all the operations of the coating process can be carried into effect in one and the same appliance. One ofthe compartments is filled with a reagent 19 in such a manner that the rolls 1 are partially immersed thereinto. For heating the reagent the tank is provided with a steamwater jacket (not shown in the drawing).

The appliance operates as follows.

From an inclined guide 5 of the charging arrangement the part 7 enters a trough 6 of the sheet 6 which prevents the piston from rotating by the action of rolls 1, which results in eliminating friction of the pistons against each other and suppressing noise.

Under the action ofcam 12 upon a plunger of the slide valve 13, air is made to penetrate into the pneumatic cylinder 3, and each rod 4 pushes a corresponding part along the rolls, thus freeing a place for the subsequent parts.

With the further rotation of the cam 12, the slide valve 13 switches over the supply of air into the pneumatic cylinder 3, and the rods 4 return to their initial position. The following pistons arrive into free places in the troughs. This operation is repeated in specified periods of time, owing to which the pistons are pushed along the rotating rolls in a successive order above all the compartments of the tank.

When the part is disposed above the first compartment, it is there subjected to degreasing, while above the second compartment it is washed and preheated. The coating operation is carried into effect when the parts are above the third compartmeat which is filled with reagent 19 containing tin. The reagent is preheated by means ofa steam-waterjacket (which is not shown in the drawing). The sections of the rolls 1 above the third compartment are partially immersed into the reagent 19. During the rotation of the rolls, the reagent is entrained by their surfaces and transferred onto the surfaces of the parts. A degreasing operation as in the first compartment is carried out in the same manner in the fourth compartment.

Chemical reaction between the metal of the parts and the reagent containing tin, takes place on the surface of the parts or pistons being coated. This reaction results in expelling tin from the reagent and coating the parts with it.

Supplied from the nozzles into the annular recesses on the lateral surfaces of the parts being coated is the reagent pumped through the pipe line 16 by a pump (which is not shown in the drawing).

The fourth compartment is intended for collecting the reagent draining from the parts. The parts on the rolls over the fifth compartment are rinsed with cold water. The rate of delivery of the parts is preset by the reducing gear 11.

Another exemplary embodiment of the appliance features two, four or a greater number of the rolls, ensuring the simultaneous treatment of one, three or a greater number of flows of the parts or pistons. An electron time relay may be employed instead of the reducing gear I]. For preheating the reagent, another kind of energy may be employed, for example, electric power.

Though the present invention is described in connection with a preferred embodiment thereof, it is obvious that there may be allowed variants and modifications thereof that do not deviate from the scope and idea of the invention. which will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

We claim:

1. An appliance for formation of coatings on surfaces of pistons of internal-combustion engines, said appliance comprising: a tank for liquid reagents; at least two parallel rolls partially immersed in said tank and intended for application of said reagents onto said pistons and for supporting said pistons; drive means for rotating said rolls; a charging arrangement for successively feeding the pistons into channels formed by adjacent rolls; a pneumatic cylinder including a rod for moving the pistons along said channels in end-to-end arrangement; and nozzles arranged along said channels for supplying the reagent against the pistons being coated in the annular grooves thereof.

2. An appliance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging arrangement comprises a guide, and a sheet provided as a continuation of said guide extending over the ends of the rolls and forming therebetween troughs for accommodating the pistons to be coated.

3. An appliance as claimed in claim 1, wherein said charging arrangement extends transversely of said rolls. a

4. An appliance as claimed in claim 1 comprising partition means in said tank dividing the same into chambers, the pistons being treated separately in passing each chamber. 

